Ch10 被動語 passive sentences

• Form  of the Passive (被動樣式)

主要是: BE verb + Past participle(過去分詞)
BE動詞 : am, is , are , was , were, has been , have been, will be


現在簡單式 =>  Farmers grow corn              ==>  Corn is grown by farmers.
過年簡單式 =>  The news  surprised Sara.   ==>  Sara was surprised by the news.
現在進行式 =>  Diana is copying the letters ==>  The letters are being copied by Diana.
過去進行式 =>  Diana was copying the letters ==>  The letters were being copied by Diana.
現在完成式 =>  Jack has mailed the letter.    ==>  The letter has been  mailed by Jack.
未來式         =>  Mr. Lee will plan the meeting => The meeting will be planned by Mr. Lee.
未來式         =>  Sue is going to write the report=> The report is going to be written by Sue.
情緒助動     =>  Bob should mail it                    =>   It  should be mailed  by Bob.

• VT(transitive 及物) & VI(intransitive 不及物)

不及物動詞 : 1.後面不可直接加受詞  2.沒有被動句

Kate came to our house.

常見的不及物動詞:

agree       die     happen   rise      stand
appear    exist    laugh     seem    stay
arrive      fall     live        sit         talk
become   flow    occur     sleep    wait
come       go       rain       sneeze   walk

• 被動情況 "by片語"

by片語用於後面有 動作中重要人的資訊
This sweater was made by my girlfriend.

• 過去分詞當 adj

Paul is married.

• get + adj ; get +過去分詞 => 逐漸變成,開始成為

I am  getting hungry.

I am getting tired.

• used to  /  be used to  /  get used to

used to + V原  =>曾經

be used to + V原=> 被用來做....
be used to +Ving/N  =>習慣於

accustomed to Ving/N  =>習慣於

get used to + Ving (動名詞) / N (名詞)=>開始習慣於某件事或物
get accustomed to+ Ving (動名詞) / N (名詞)=>開始習慣於某件事或物


be supposed to V原=>預期發生 ; 過去式則 預期發生但沒發生